General
Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) is a collection of mobile communication systems, widely used by digital mobile telephony operators all over the world. It is the world most popular standards for mobile communication systems and the fastest growing communication technology, serving more than 2 billion customers in 218 different countries and territories.  More than 82 percent of the world's mobile phone customers are using GSM.

The Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card is mandatory in the GSM handset. The SIM is a detachable smart card module containing the user subscription information and phonebook. In GSM network the SIM itself is tied to the network, rather than the actual phone or device. The device module is totally separated from the network. A GSM subscriber can put their SIM card into new handset and retain all information.

Standards                                          
GSM is a worldwide standard accounting for more than two third of the digital wireless market today. GSM is an 'open standard', which means that any manufacturer from any country can make GSM equipment on a ‘level playing field’. The International Telecommunication Union ITU based its 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) on the evolving GSM standards. The 3GPP has defined the GSM standards, providing global standardization for mobile communication.  

 GSM Services
The GSM network offers:

• Better voice quality.
• Short Message Service (SMS).
• Easy network deployment for network operators.
• International roaming services.
• General Radio Packet Service GPRS.
  A mobile data service available to GSM users and IS-136 mobile phones. GPRS data transfer is typically charged per kilobyte of transferred data. GPRS can be used for services such as Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) access, Short Message Service (SMS), Multimedia Messaging Services (MMS), and for internet communication services such as Email and World Wide Web access.

M2M
Traditionally, GSM networks have been used for human to human communication e.g. voice call and SMS. Nevertheless, GSM networks can be used both for human to machine communication and for machine to machine communication (M2M) as well.

In recent years, GPRS networks have been continuously increasing their capabilities, while steadily reducing their cost of access.   

M2M generally refers to technology that leverages public wireless networks (such as GPRS) to bring telemetry to a much wider audience.

 GSM Telemetry
The term telemetry refers to any technology that allows remote measurement and reporting of information. The expanding telemetric applications have been rapidly growing, today many people realize the power of telemetric measurements, applying telemetry for  novel applications. Telemetry can be found in many fields such as:

        1)      Agriculture

2)      Environment metering

3)     Electric &  Energy control                                                           

4)      Water management

5)      Security

Previously, telemetry dependent on radio devices, however the rapid global growth of cellular communication networks enable cost effective global telemetry measurement over the cellular networks. Through years of experience and hard labor, Remmon Remote Monitoring has become a global player in the M2M and GSM telemetry market, implementing its products and technologies worldwide.

GSM Remote Terminal Units (RTUs) are widely used in GSM telemetry, offering both I/O and PLC interfacing devices. Typically, GSM RTU provides SMS alert messages and current status data. They can be integrated in SCADA applications and in many other telemetry systems. Using the GPRS technology GSM RTU can interactively be connected to internet servers for establishing online human/machine communication.